 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
|
 |
|||||||||
|
A History of HMS Ranee
HMS Ranee was an
‘Ameer’ class escort carrier, her keel was laid down on January 5th
1943, at Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Co. Tacoma, Washington, a
C3-S-A1 type freighter Maritime Commission hull number 257,
Seattle-Tacoma hull number 41. The hull was purchased by the US navy
to become the auxiliary aircraft carrier USS ‘NIANTIC’ AVG–46.
Whilst still under
construction it had been decided that AVG-46 was to be transferred
to the Admiralty on loan on her completion as an aircraft carrier.
AVG-46 was launched on June 2nd 1943 by her sponsor Mrs. Ray V.
Blanco. On July 15th 1943 her US Navy designation was changed to
CVE–46.
Move to Vancouver and work up period On completion of defect rectification following her builder’s sea trials Ranee sailed for Vancouver Island, British Colombia, arriving there on November 19th. She was one of 19 escort carriers sent there to be modified to meet Admiralty requirements by the Burrard Dry Dock Co. Ltd., North Vancouver, British Columbia. However it had decided by the Admiralty that in order to address a shortage in aircraft deliveries to India, the CVEs Ranee and Patroller were not to enter Burrard’s yard for the full modification work. Instead, the two carriers were to receive the minimum alterations required to bring them to operational status for ferrying purposes. A reduced crew joined Ranee at Vancouver, her air department was to comprise of only an Air Engineering officer and 10 ratings – all that was required for the ferry role. The remainder of her air department, flight deck crews etc would be drafted in when she was to begin flight operations.
Ranee was to spend the next two months at Vancouver completing a work-up, storing the ship, and familiarising the crew in preparation for ferry duties. On January 26th 1944 while operating in the Georgia Strait, between Vancouver Island and the Pacific coast of British Columbia, Ranee was called upon to offer assistance to her sister CVE HMS Nabob. She was taking advantage of the aircraft of 850 squadron based at RCAF Sea Island, and had arranged a day of flight operations to put the ship through its paces. While steaming at speed into wind to receive aircraft Nabob had run aground on an uncharted sand bar and stuck fast. Ranee stood by in case a tow could be rigged in an attempt to pull her off. Two attempts were made to pull Nabob free, the first at high water in the forenoon with Ranee secured astern, HMCS Armentieres on the starboard and HMCS Haro on the port side; the operation was a failure. A second attempt was made at 18:10 when the tide was again high. Nabob’s crew had worked hard to lighten the ship by pumping out three hundred tons of oil and seven hundred tons of salt water from the petrol tanks. The three ships strained on their towing hawsers while Nabob’s engines ran at full astern and heaved in on her bow anchor; again the attempt failed. Ranee sipped the towing line and returned to Vancouver as two salvage tugs were on route to the scene; it was to take another three days to re-float Nabob.
Maiden Voyage: Aircraft ferry voyage to India On completion of her work-up, HMS Ranee was temporarily allocated to the Eastern Fleet as an aircraft transport for operations in the Pacific and sailed for San Francisco on February 4th 1944. Her mission appears to have been two-fold. Firstly to deliver a consignment of sixty aircraft to RNAMY Cochin in Southern India, and secondly to collect and return to Fremantle a dozen American War Brides who had married Australians, together with other service passengers taking passage to Australia and India. Ranee Arrived in Wellington, New Zealand on February 25th and made an overnight stop before sailing for Fremantle in Western Australia, arriving there on Match 8th. After disembarking her passengers Ranee sailed for Cochin, arriving there on March 18th and began unloading her cargo of aircraft. Ranee sailed for the return leg of her voyage to Vancouver on March 31st calling at Port Phillip. Melbourne, Australia, to refuel and put ashore a member of the crew had been taken ill and required hospital treatment.
Modification period at Vancouver HMS Ranee arrived back
in Vancouver May 8th 1944 and was berthed at Ballantyne Pier,
Vancouver, to await her turn to enter the Burrad’s yard. She was
moved to No. 8 berth, Lapointe Pier, on May 14th for work to begin.
While in Vancouver, Captain Metcalf left the ship, Captain A.A.
Murray RN arrived to assume command.
As work progressed the
ship was moved to No. 7 berth on March 19th, to berth No 3 on May
23rd and berth No 4 on June 9th. On June 22nd Ranee sailed to
Esquimalt and entered dry-dock the following day for the fitting of
sea cocks and remedial work; the work took 4 days to complete, the
ship undocking on the 27th. On her return from Esquimalt, Ranee
returned to berth No 4 to continue her modifications. The ship was
to make one last move to berth No 5 on June 30th to complete her
modifications and to store ship. The alteration and modification
phase of the work was completed by July 12th, having taken a total
of 59 days. Part of this work included the addition of 278 tons of
pig iron as additional ballast.
[Note: the last five CVEs to pass through Burrard’s dockyard,
Patroller, Puncher, Reaper, Ranee and Thane had a longer
modification timetable than the other 14 vessels modified by
Burrard’s. This was due to the Admiralty decision that the single
Oerlikon mounts on the Gallery Deck and foc'sle deck, were to be
changed for fourteen twin mountings. An extra ten days was allocated
for this work to be completed.] On July 13th Ranee left Vancouver for Esquimalt and re-entered dry-dock on the 14th to complete the fitting of ASDIC equipment; on undocking on the 15th. Prior to her sailing from Esquimalt, Ranee received her first aircraft - a non-airworthy RCAF Blackburn Shark given to the RN on free issue for training flight deck handing parties on the voyage to Norfolk, Virginia. The Shark was ferried out to the ship by lighter from No. 3 Repair Depot RCAF where her floats had been substituted for wheels. Four other CVEs at Vancouver, Patroller, Puncher, Reaper, and Thane also received written-off Sharks for this purpose. These vintage aircraft caused some interest when the five ships put into US ports; the aircraft were finally pushed overboard when their usefulness had come to an end and deck cargo was due to be loaded.
Second Ferry Voyage: Norfolk to Cape Town Ranee sailed for Norfolk, Virginia, via San Francisco and the Panama Cana to begin her second ferry voyage. On her arrival at the US Navy Operating Base, Norfolk, Ranee began embarking a ferry load of sixty Grumman Hellcats for delivery to RNARY Wingfield at Cape Town, South Africa. She sailed from Norfolk on September 5th, and arrived in Cape Town on the 23rd. After unloading her cargo Ranee returned to Norfolk in October to collect a third ferry load, this time bound for the UK.
Third Ferry Voyage: Norfolk to Greenock This load included the aircraft and squadron personnel of number 1846 (18 Corsair) & 1848 (18 Corsair) Naval Air Squadrons for passage to the UK, their aircraft were ranged on the flight deck while the hanger deck was filled with spare lend-lease airframes. On October 18th 1944 Ranee was allocated to Western Approaches Command as a ferry carrier and sailed for New York. On the 22nd she sailed with Convoy CU 44 which arrived at Liverpool on November 2nd, Ranee left the convoy off Ireland and proceeded to Belfast where she unloaded the airframes and personnel of 1846 and 1848 squadrons to RANMY Belfast before continuing on to Greenock.
Deck Landing Training Duties While at Greenock the crew were granted five days leave to each watch before the ship set sail for the Firth of Forth. There she was to relieve HMS Speaker from November 23rd as the duty Deck Landing Training Carrier, operating from Rosyth and Methil for the next six weeks. Before beginning this duty Ranee was put through her first flying trials when an Avenger, a Hellcat and a Wildcat from 778 Service Trials Unit at RNAS Arbroath were safely landed on and flown off on the 23rd and 24th of November. During her period as a training carrier Ranee operated a variety of aircraft types, mainly from 768 Deck Landing Training squadron based at RNAS Arbroath, and others from squadrons working up in Scotland. Out of approximately 2,000 landings and take offs there were 17 crashes; the most serious incident occurred on December 15th when Sub Lt F. Sumner of 766 squadron was killed. He was making his first night carrier landings in Swordfish NF315, when he bounced on landing and flew over the barriers, the aircraft touched down on the forward end of the Flight deck and ran over the bows into the sea and sank.
HMS Ranee entered Rosyth Dockyard for a short refit commencing on December 27th. On New Year’s Day 1945, Ranee put to sea for a further week of carrier training but suffered a mechanical breakdown while still in the Firth of Forth which caused the ship to go completely out of control just as she had achieved a speed of some 6 or 7 knots. Not under power and not responding to helm control she was in danger of colliding with other merchant shipping moored in the area; she avoided the first ship in her path only to end up on course straight for HMS Deer Sound. In an attempt to stop the ship, the port anchor was let go, she was no longer under power and so had lost most of her forward momentum; in the end Ranee made light contact with the side of Deer Sound which left a small dent in her bows but no other damage. After making repairs Ranee resumed her duty as the Deck Landing Training Carrier on January 4th.
On loan to the U.S. Pacific Fleet On completion of her tour as the deck landing training carrier Ranee proceeded to Greenock for boiler cleaning, in preparation for loan to the U.S. Carrier Transport Squadron, part of the U.S. Pacific Fleet. On arrival in Greenock five days leave was granted to each watch and command of the ship passed to Captain J.A.W. Tothill DSC, RN who relived Captain Murray on January 20th.
HMS Ranee sailed on Sunday January 21st to join the New York bound Convoy ON-280; the crossing was heavy going as Atlantic gales lashed the ships for most of the voyage. Ranee suffered damage to her flight deck and in her hanger when the ship’s Jeeps tore loose from their lashings and careered around smashing into things. On January 30th, about 300 miles short of New York, Ranee rendezvoused with the American destroyer USS Cecil J. Doyle. She was to act as her guard ship for passage to Cristobal, through the Panama Canal and north to San Diego. On leaving the convoy Ranee came beam on to the storm and rolled violently for nearly 24 hours until she reached the calmer waters of the Caribbean. It was rumoured that at its height, the roll was 28 degrees from the vertical. Ranee reached Cristobal 17 days out from Greenock and after clearing the Panama Canal the ship preceded to San Diego, California.
The first order of business was voyage repairs, once these were completed Ranee began to embark the aircraft for delivery the forward pacific areas. Ranee left San Diego on February 21st 1945, escorted on the first leg to Pearl Harbour by the USS Hugh W. Hadley, arriving at Pearl Arbour on February 27th. Ranee continued on to Guam in company with the USS Edward C. Daly. The personnel of USN Air Group 80 embarked in HMS Ranee at Guam on March 19th for transportation back to Pearl Harbour, arriving there on the 24th. Ranee was to make a second round trip from Pearl Harbour, Eniwetok and Guam, ferrying U.S. naval aircraft and personnel before receiving orders in mid-April that she was to return to the UK.
Forth Ferry Load: Norfolk to Greenock On arrival back in San Diego Ranee returned to RN control and spent a week having a boiler clean before she sailed on May 2nd for the US Naval operating base at Norfolk to embark a ferry load. She next sailed for New York arriving there on the 23rd to embark passengers - officers, women and children and a few schoolboys returning home. Ranee sailed as part of convoy CU 72, one of the last New York to UK convoys of the war, departing New York on May 25th and arriving at Glasgow o June 4th 1945.
Modification and conversion for duty as a replenishment carrier On arrival at her mooring at Tail of the Bank on the Clyde work, began to convert HMS Ranee to a Replenishment Carrier for duty with the British Pacific Fleet. This primarily entailed the tropicalisation of the ship’s ventilation system and the addition of extraction fans in key areas. Dockyard workers were ferried out to the ship each day to work on her until the announcement of the Japanese surrender and the end of the war. Ranee’s conversion work was halted when the Admiralty reallocated her as one of six RN CVEs (along with Atheling, Rajah, Queen, Patroller and Fencer) selected for conversion for Naval Trooping, these ships were to be employed bringing military personnel from the Far East back to the UK and some commonwealth countries.
On September 12th, Ranee sailed for Barrow-in-Furness to receive her trooping conversion; the work being carried by a Tyneside shipyard. As part of her conversion she was to have increased accommodation and facilities to house 1000 personnel in addition to her own crew. Three tier bunks and associated kit lockers for 564 men were installed in the hanger to supplement the existing accommodation available for 786 men, 700 in mess decks and 86 in hammocks. Additional washing and toilet facilities were built in the after lift well, and now unoccupied aviation workshop spaces. Extra galley equipment was added to augment the American cafeteria style messing and dining areas for sittings of 240 men were set up in the hanger. Time was of the essence in this work, also costs. Minimal remedial work was authorised for the six ships, the conversion work taking priority. Ranee’s conversion was shorter than those of the other five CVEs. Her tropicalisation had been completed before she arrived on the Tyne and she was ready to proceed to Portsmouth Dockyard on November 8th 1945 to complete a final storing before sailing on her first trooping voyage.
Trooping operations Ranee was to sail for Ceylon at the beginning of December carrying a draft of naval personnel for the East Indies Fleet, leaving Portsmouth on the 5th bound for Port Said to transit the Suez Canal. Ranee arrived at Colombo on December 27th and disembarked passengers. After loading stores and passengers for onward passage Ranee sailed for Sydney on the 29th, from Sydney she made for Fremantle and back to Colombo before arriving in the UK at Davenport Dockyard, Plymouth on February 215th. Once her passengers had disembarked Ranee proceeded to Portsmouth Dockyard, arriving there on the 27th, to undergo voyage repairs; this work took a month to complete and included entering dry dock.
On completion of repairs Ranee sailed to repeat her round trip trooping voyage to the Far East leaving Portsmouth on March 27th 1946. She was to make at least three trooping voyages before returning home to the UK to be de-stored and have RN equipment removed in preparation for her return to the US Navy.
On her final Atlantic crossing Ranee carried passengers which included servicemen’s families, stores and equipment for delivery to the Royal Naval Dockyard at Bermuda before continuing on to Norfolk Naval Base.
Disposal CVE–46 was returned to US Navy custody on November 21st 1946 at Norfolk, Virginia; she was stricken for disposal on January 22nd 1947 and was sold on June 9th 1947 to the Waterman Steamship Corp., Mobile, Alabama for merchant service. She was sold on to the Rotterdam Lloyd line in 1948 and renamed SS Friesland. Before being sold again to Panama in 1967 and renamed SS Pacific Breeze. She was scrapped in Taiwan, beginning in May 1974.
|
|||||||||
