898 (1) October 42 - July 44

 

Formation and work-up

The personnel of 898 squadron assembled at RNAS Lee-on-Solent on September 17th 1942 and from there took passage to America in the fast troop ship QUEEN MARY. The squadron officially formed at US Naval Air Station (USNAS) Norfolk, Virginia on October 15th as a single seat fighter squadron equipped with six Martlet IV aircraft, Captain A. J. Wright RM in command.

After familiarisation with the aircraft and equipment the squadron moved to USNAS Quonset Point, Rhode Island, on November 4th to continue training. During this period there were few flying accidents; Martlet FN297 suffered wing damage on two occasions, the first on November 11th making a cross-wind landing and again on December 19th when the port wingtip struck the ground landing – the pilot was Sub-Lt. C.G. Hyde RNVR on both occasions. During a detached period to USNAS Norfolk for deck landing training (DLT) in the USS CHARGER Sub-Lt. Hyde flew the same aircraft into the crash barrier, wrecking the aircraft and sustaining some injuries. On January 6th 1943 the whole squadron briefly moved to USNAS Brunswick for a spell of DLT in the training carrier USS CHARGER, in preparation for joining the Fleet Carrier HMS VICTORIOUS the following month. Opportunity for DLT was taken whenever a suitable carrier was in the area, HMS ATTACKER obliged; obliged; she was visited by Martlet fighters from 8 8 2, 8 9 6 and 8 9 8 squadrons for Deck Landing Training sessions prior to their embarking in the Fleet Carrier HMS VICTORIOUS at the start of February.

On the last day of the fighter DLT period, February 1st 1943,  Martlet, FN132 of 898 Squadron flying from USNAS Quonset Point, crashed into the sea on take-off from ATTACKER and sank, killing the pilot Sub Lt R.U. Davis RNZNVR.

Operations with H.M.S. VICTORIOUS: Feb – Sep 1943

The squadron embarked in HMS VICTORIOUS on February 3rdt 1943; her sister Martlet squadron, 896, which had also formed at Norfolk and been working up at Quonset Point. had embarked two days earlier. The ship also carried two other squadrons, 882 equipped with 12 Martlet IV, and 832, the first RN squadron equipped with Avenger TBM-1s, 12 of which were on loan from the US Navy. VICTORIOUS spent the next two weeks working up before departing for the Panama Canal. There were three flying incidents during this period, on February 21st Sub Lt D. H. Warner was killed when his aircraft ditched after leaving formation to begin DLT; he was flying in FN104, a machine borrowed from 882 squadron. The other two incidents were barrier crashes, Sub Lt A. R. Duff RNZNVR in FN250 on the 22nd, and Lt. W. I. Sheppard RNVR in FN238 on the 25th; both pilots were OK.

HMS VICTORIOUS was to be loaned to the US Navy after an American plea for carrier reinforcement in the south west Pacific; they had lost USS HORNET and USS ENTERPRISE was badly damaged at the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, this left only one fleet carrier, the USS SARATOGA, operational in the Pacific in late December 1942. HMS VICTORIOUS took passage to Pearl Harbour, Hawaii via the Panama Canal on February 14th, arriving there on March 4th; her squadrons were flown ashore to the US NAS Pearl Harbour while the ship entered the dockyard for alterations to allow for correct operation of the American built Avenger and Wildcat aircraft types. During this period damage incurred during the voyage was repaired and additional close range armament was fitted including additional sponsons outboard of the island structure.

There were several mishaps while operating from NAS Pearl Harbour during March; on the 11th Sub Lt W. A. L. Banning RNVR in FN251 nosed over in the slipstream taxying behind another aircraft, while Sub Lt A. R Duff RNZNVR in FN264 was caught in the slipstream of an aircraft ahead while landing on and swung into another aircraft parked near the runway on the 16th. On the 19th Sub Lt W. A. L. Banning RNVR suffered a tail wheel collapse while taking off in FN274, and Sub Lt D. S. Farthing RNVR had a lucky escape on the 23rd when a drogue he was towing detached on take-off, he managed to land and get clear but the aircraft caught fire and burnet out.

Part of the squadron re-embarked in VICTORIOUS during April while the ship put to sea for short spells before the entire squadron flew out on the 19th; after five days they returned to NAS Pearl Harbour on the 24th. During April operations there were two barrier crashes, both on the 12th, Lt I. L F. Lowe in Martlet FN306 and Sub Lt G. N. Fenn in FN 191. the later actually broke through the barrier and crashed into the Island structure; both pilots were OK.

Operation ‘TOENAIL’ and ‘CARTWHEEL’

All squadrons re-embarked in VICTORIOUS on May 7th 1943, she sailed the next day to begin exercises with the US aircraft carrier USS SARATOGA and US battleship NORTH CAROLINA. During her time on loan she was code named (but not renamed) as USS Robin for signals purposes. On completion of this work-up for service with US Navy she took passage to join the US Third Fleet Task Group 36.3 for support of US landing operations. The ship arrivedat the fleet anchorage at Noumea, New Caledonia on May 17th and joined the carrier USS SARATOGA in Task Force 14 for sweeps through the Coral Sea and joint exercises and operations. The two aircraft carriers had a mix of US and British squadrons, with air-cover provided by VICTORIOUS and strike aircraft by SARATOGA.

On returning to New Caledonia her squadrons flew ashore to USAAF Tontouta Airfield on June 13th. After a short stay they re-embarked on the 16th for a short foray to sea, disembarking to Tontouta on the 20th.

 

Noumea, New Caledonia. 1943. The aircraft carriers USS SARATOGA (left) and HMS VICTORIOUS (right) at anchor. Wildcat fighters and Avenger torpedo bombers are ranged on the victorious' flight deck.  (Australian War Memorial - Naval historical collection 302499)

898 next embarked on June 27th, this time for the ship’s deployment with USS SARATOGA and TG63.3 in operation ‘TOENAILS’ the Munda landings on the island of New Georgia in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands, the first major Allied offensive in the Solomon Islands which began on June 30th, and operation ‘CARTWHEEL’ – the larger overarching plan for invading the Islands by US Marines in the Middle Solomons.

On completion of Operation ‘TOENAILS’ VICTORIOUS returned to Noumea on July 25th, disembarking aircraft to USAAF Tontouta for a final 7 day spell ashore before sailing for a second deployment with TG63.3 on the 31st, this time in support of the Bougainville invasion. Another aircraft was lost on August 4th, FN274 Stalled into the sea after take-off, the pilot, Sub Lt G. Waite RNZNVR was OK.

On release from operations in the Pacific HMS VICTORIOUS sailed for the US Naval Operating Base at Norfolk,  calling at San Diego, California on August 18th before transiting the Panama Canal. The ship arrived at Norfolk on September 1st and spent the next three weeks there.

HMS VICTORIOUS sailed for the first leg of her passage to the UK on the 17th arriving at Argentia, Nova Scotia, on the 129th; after an overnight layover she combined escorted by OPPORTUNE, OBDURATE, and CALDE. On her arrival off the Irish coast on the 26th September.896 & 898 squadrons flew ashore to RNAS Eglinton, Northern Ireland, ending their time with VICTORIOUS.

Return to the UK: RNAS Eglinton and 7 Naval Fighter Wing

At Eglinton 898 re-equipped with ten Wildcat Vs and began training and working-up in preparation for joining their next ship HMS SEARCHER. On October 30th 1943 898 squadron became part of the new 7th Naval Fighter Wing. The Wing comprised of six squadrons; two Hellcat squadrons 800 and 804 for service in the assault carrier EMPEROR, and four Wildcat squadrons for service on the fighter carriers, 881 and 896 for PURSUER and 882 and 898 for SEARCHER.

At the time of 898 arriving in the UK HMS SEARCHER was in the dockyard of Messrs. Harland and Wolff in Liverpool completing a period of modification work to bring her to RN standards. The ship began post modification sea trials on October 6th before being allocated to Western Approaches command for convoy protection duties.

898 and 882 squadrons worked up together at RNAS Eglinton conducting training sorties and exercises over Northern Ireland throughout October and November 1943. The period was virtually incident free for 898; Sub Lt D.S. Farthing RNVR caused minor damage to the starboard wing of JV404 when his aircraft swung on landing on October 11th; Sub Lt M.C. Brown RNZNVR made a forced landing in JV400 on November 6th after clipping a tree with his starboard wing; and JV401 had a hood malfunction, also on November 6th, it came of it’s port side runner while Lt W. J. Sheppard RNVR was manning the aircraft.

Operations with H.M.S. SEARCHER: Dec 43 – Jul 44

Both of SEARCHER’s squadrons embarked on December 6th to prepare for the ships first operational outing, as escort for west bound convoy UC.8 which departed from Liverpool on December 18th 1943 for New York City.

After leaving the convoy off New York on December 31st after engine trouble SEARCHER was scheduled to enter New York Navy Yard for voyage repairs to be carried out. 898 disembarked to USNAS Brunswick on January 4th. SEARCHER began her repairs on January 6th. The squadron continued training at Brunswick throughout the month, re-embarking on February 8th.
 

H.M.S. SEARCHER operating her Wildcat fighters

This first outing for the ship and her aircraft passed with only one incident for each squadron; JV402 of 898 Squadron snapped its arrestor hook landing while Sub Lt G. N. Fenn RNVR was embarking on the 9th and JV524 of 882 Squadron, ditched in the circuit while attempting a precautionary landing and sank on the 27th, Sub Lt A. Sharpe RNZNVR was picked up by the plane guard destroyer, USS SIMMS. While ashore at Brunswick 898 had a further two minor incidents; Sub Lt G. Waite RNZNVR in JV400swung to starboard, struck a snowdrift and overturned on January 13th 1944 and JV538 flown by Sub Lt M. C. Brown RNZNVR ground looped landing on the 28th.

The squadron re-embarked in SEARCHER on February 8th and the ship sailed for the UK on the 10th. It is assumed that convoy defence flying was undertaken on passage. On arrival back in the UK her squadrons flew off to RNAS Eglinton on the 28th, the ship then anchored off Greenock on March 1st to unload stores brought from New York. The following day she re-embarked her squadrons for a two week work-up in the Clyde training area. There were only two barrier crashes during this short work-up period; Sub Lt C.O. Cullen RNVR flying in JV407 on March 3rd resulting in a collapsed starboard undercarriage leg and damaged prop and Lt C. St. George RNZNVR in JV425 ('7Q'), missed all the wires and went into the barrier the following day.

Operations with the Home Fleet

HMS SEARCHER was loaned to the Home Fleet for her next operation, sailing from the Clyde on March 17th in company with sister CVEs EMPEROR, FENCER, and PURSUER, to participate in providing fighter escort for air attacks on the German battleship TIRPITZ (Operation TUNGSTEN). She arrived at Scapa Flow on the 18th.

Flying training continued through the remainder of March and this was one of the worst periods for flying incidents in the squadron’s history; 4 barrier crashes, 1 emergency landing, 3 crashes on deck, one of which was fatal. On March 22nd Sub Lt H. J. Pain RNVR  in JV399 ('7Y'), missed all the wires, and damaged his prop in the barrier; Sub Lt C. O. Cullen RNVR  made a heavy emergency landing in JV538 ('7X') after his canopy was broken obscuring his vision. On the 23rd Lt R. J. Harrison RNZNVR wrote off JV405, he landed on the rounddown, the aircraft broke its back, and pulled off the tail unit; Sub Lt D. S. Farthing RNVR  in JV398 and Sub Lt C. O. Cullen in JV471 both had barrier crashes. On the 27th Sub Lt M. C. Brown RNZNVR was killed when his aircraft, JV377 went over the side an sank – he was attempting to land on a pitching deck with low wind speed, opened the throttle to go round again but changed his mind, closed the throttle and his port wing dropped, hit Nos.2 & 3 barrier stanchions & Wildcat JV437, before going over the side inverted. The 28th was the last flying day before the force would sail for the operation. Sub Lt H. J. Pain RNVR in JV402 had a final barrier crash while Sub Lt A Sharpe RNZNVR, of 882, flying in JV424 , one of 898 Squadrons aircraft, had a lucky escape after he swung to starboard landing, the aircraft hit the island structure before falling into the sea and sank.

Operation TUNGSTEN: The ships taking part in TUNGSTEN left Scapa on March 30th in two groups; Force 1 comprising of DUKE OF YORK, ANSON, VICTORIOUS, BELFAST, and 5 destroyers left Scapa early morning and after conducting brief exercises proceeded to a position off Bear Island to cover the passage of convoy JW 58. Force 2 comprised ROYALIST (Read Admiral Escort Carriers), EMPEROR, SEARCHER, PURSUER, FENCER, FURIOUS, SHEFFIELD, JAMAICA, 2 oilers, and 5 destroyers left Scapa p.m. and preceded west of the Orkneys.

On April 1st the date for the operation, which had been 4th April was advanced 24 hours to take advantage of favourable weather and lack of air reconnaissance of Force 1. Force 1's first screen from Skaalefiord joined Force 2 the following day, and on April 1st the two oilers, with two destroyers, were detached to the fuelling position. On April, 2nd ANSON, VICTORIOUS, BELFAST, and 4 destroyers were detached from Force 1 and joined with Force 2. The TUNGSTEN force then steered for the flying off position. Flying conditions were perfect when the flying off position was reached at 0400 on the 3rd and the aircraft were flown off according to plan except for the loss of one Barracuda which ditched. 40 Barracudas and 81 fighters took part in the two strikes and a further 25 fighters and 9 Swordfish were kept for the defence of the Fleet.

The good weather allowed for the two strike forces to obtain their desired heights and to take the best route over the mountains. No enemy aircraft were seen by the strike aircraft or the Fleet and the flak around the TIRPITZ was much less than anticipated. The attack was carried out by both fighters and bombers; fighters strafing the defences from a low height and bombers pressing home an accurate attack. The losses during the attack were remarkably small. One Barracuda was shot down over the target and another by shore batteries, both after dropping their bombs. A third Barracuda was lost taking off from VICTORIOUS and a Hellcat ditched when unable to land on EMPEROR. Both strikes returned and landed on safely with the exception of the one Hellcat. The question of repeating the attack the next day was considered but owing to fatigue of the air crews and serious damage reported to TIRPITZ this was abandoned and the force withdrew to the westward.

The only damage suffered by 898 was on their return to the ship on the 3rd; two had obscured visibility due to oil on their windscreens – JV519 & JV576 ('7M'), both were flown by Sub Lt R. J. Harrison RNZNVR and were almost identical incidents, caught last wire, and damaged the prop. The third was Sub Lt A. R. Duff RNZNVR in JV496 ('6V') he missed all the wires and went into the barrier damaging the undercarriage. SEARCHER developed defects later in the day on April 3rd and dropped astern, screened by JAMAICA and destroyers VIRAGO, and SIOUX, the remainder of the force proceeded to Scapa, arriving on the 6th. SEARCHER, JAMAICA, and the 2 destroyers and the oiling force returned to Scapa the following day. On arrival at Scapa SEARCHER disembarked her squadrons to RNAS Hatston, Orkney, before sailing p.m. on April 7th for Rosyth for repairs.
 

March 22nd 1944: Sub Lt H. J Pain in Wildcat JV399 ('7Y') of 898 Squadron landing on SEARCHER. He has missed all the arrestor wires and is stopped by the crash barrier.

Operation PITCHBOWL: This was a short break for 898 before re-embarking on the 11th to prepare for Operation PITCHBOWL. With SEARCHER temporarily out of action 898 was to embark in HMS FENCER for what was planned as a repeat of TUNGSTEN. The force, comprised of ROYALIST (Rear Admiral Escort Carriers) with EMPEROR, PURSUER, FENDER, BERWICK, and SHEFFIELD, escorted by MUSKETEER, METEOR, MARNE, MATCHLESS, ONSLAUGHT, PIORUN, and SIOUX, sailed on the 13th, but the operation was cancelled the next day due to bad weather and the force returned to Scapa.  898 flew off back to Hatston on the 15th.

Operations PLANET, RIDGE ABLE &  RIDGE BAKER: HMS SEARCHER arrived back at Scapa, p.m. on the 15th and 898 re-embarked on the 18th to prepare for the next attempt to strike at TIRPITZ, Operation PLANET. SEARCHER sailed from Scapa on Friday 21st in company with ANSON (VA, IC Home Fleet), ROYALIST (Rear Admiral Escort Carriers), VICTORIOUS, FURIOUS, EMPEROR, PURSUER, STRIKER, KENT, JAMAICA, URSA, UNDAUNTED, WAKEFUL, WIZARD, SERAPIS, JAVELIN, VENUS, VIGILANT, SIOUX, ALGONQUIN, PIORUN, SWIFT, KEMPENFELT, and  KELVIN. An attack on TIRPITZ, involving 40 Barracudas and 40 escort fighters, this was again cancelled because of bad weather conditions on the 24th. The weather situation improved sufficiently for the next round of operations to be carried out on the 26th. This was operation RIDGE ABLE which saw SEARCHER, in company with the Fleet carriers VICTORIOUS and FURIOUS, and the CVEs EMPEROR, PURSUER, and STRIKER, to conduct attacks on enemy shipping in Bodo and Rorvik areas respectively. A second stage, codename RIDGE BAKER had to be cancelled, again due to bad weather. However RIDGE ABLE did result in 3 ships sunk off Bodo and a 4th damaged. The force arrived back at Scapa on the 28th where 898 squadron flew ashore to Hatston.

Operation CROQUET: After only five days ashore the squadron was back on SEARCHER for Operation CROQUET, a strike by aircraft from FURIOUS and SEARCHER against shipping on the Norwegian coast between Bud (62˚55' N, 06˚55' E) and 63˚20' N, 8˚20' E. The Force (BERWICK (Senior Officer), FURIOUS, and SEARCHER, screened by SAVAGE, PIORUN, BLYSKAWICA, ALGONQUIN, WIZARD, and WAKEFUL) left Scapa late on May 3rd and proceeded to the Norwegian coast, arriving in the flying off position early on the 5th. Owing to unfavourable weather, the operation was postponed until the following day and the force reversed course for 12 hours returning to the same position at 0630 on Ma y6th. A striking force of Barracuda from FURIOUS, escorted by Wildcats from SEARCHER were flown off and swept the leads from south to north. Two southbound convoys were found and attacked successfully; one ship of 2500 tons was sunk and one of 6000 tons and a 5000 ton tanker probably sank. An escort vessel was hit by bombs and another merchantmen damaged by near misses. Two enemy flying boats were shot down; 1  BV 138, shared by 898 Wildcats JV460 ('7T'), JV538 ('7X'), crashed  into the sea in flames NE of Vevang at 0810 on May 6th., and a second BV 138 shared by Wildcats JV576 ('7M'), JV487 ('7P'), JV425 ('7Q'), JV404 ('7W'), was shot down into the sea, NE of Vevang at 0820. Two Barracudas were lost. 898s only casualties were two barrier crashes on returning to the ship Sub Lt J. O, Bignell RNVR in JV492 on the 6th and Lt. Cdr O. R. Henderson RNVR  in JV576 ('7M'), on the 7th. On completion the force retired returning to Scapa, arriving on May 7th. SEARCHER however was detached to join Rear Admiral Escort Carriers' Force for Operation HOOPS.

Operation HOOPS: This operation was another strike against shipping off the South Norwegian coast, this time by the Escort Carrier Squadron under Rear Admiral Escort Carriers in ROYALIST with EMPEROR, STRIKER, and JAMAICA screened by KEMPENFELT, ONSLAUGHT, MARNE, UNDAUNTED, WAGER, and SIOUX. The Force left Scapa on May 7th and proceeded west of the Orkneys where SEARCHER joined, 20 miles north of Noup Head. The Force arrived in the flying off position at 0730 on the 8th May and two strikes, each of 8 Hellcats escorted by 8 Wildcats, were flown off. The first strike attacked a northbound convoy of 5 merchant ships with ten escorts 15 miles south west of Kristiansand. The operation was very much a curtailed one; SEARCHER was a compromise to provide fighter cover, the original planning had HUNTER, ATTACKER, and STALKER in the force but they were withdrawn by Admiralty at the last moment. STRIKER was to provide the A/S protection

One merchant ship was probably damaged and two Wildcats were shot down; Sub Lt I. A. Cotching RNVR was killed when his aircraft JV538 ('7X') was hit by flak in an attack on a convoy, the aircraft dived into the sea from 50 ft; Sub Lt I. K. B. Pearson RMVR  in JV367 ('6L') was also hit by flak in an attack on a convoy, he managed to ditch and was taken prisoner. Hellcat JV107 of 800 Squadron, n Emperor was shot down by German fighters, Sub Lt R. L. Thompson bailed out 7m off Smolen Island, Norway, but drowned.

Wildcats JV425 ('7Q'), JV496 ('6V') , JV404 ('7W'), JV399 ('7Y'), attacked 2 Blohm & Voss BV 13 flying boats, 1 crashed into the sea on fire trying to land, the second crashed in sea on fire, SW of Haram harbour between Haramso and the mainland at 0820. Hellcats from 800 squadron on EMPEROR shot down 3 enemy fighters; Lt B. Ritchie RNVR shot down a Fw190 into the sea off Norway, Sub Lt L J.G. Devitt RNVR shot down a MesserschmittBf109 into the sea off Norway while Sub Lt T.H. Hoare RNZNVR & Sub Lt I. D. Scarves RNZNVR shared another. The force then withdrew to the westwards and returned to Scapa on May 9th.

A Royal visit: His Majesty the King visited the Home Fleet from 10th to 13th May and he Visited SEARCHER on the 11th where he met with the ships officers, including representatives from other escort carriers and their squadrons present at Scapa. SEARCHER took passage to Rosyth for routine maintenance and repair after the Royal visit.
 

May 11th 1944: His Majesty The King meets the pilots of 882 and 898 squadrons aboard SEARCHER.

HMS STRIKER and operation POTLUCK: For their next operation 898 were embarked in HMS STRIKER, embarking after the King had departed on the 11th. They were to provide Combat Air Patrols (CAP) over the force for Operation POTLUCK, another strike against shipping on the Norwegian coast (between Rorvik and Frohavet) by the escort carrier squadron, however the main object was to create a diversion for Operation BRAWN which was being carried out simultaneously further north. The Force (ROYALIST (Rear Admiral Escort Carriers), EMPEROR, STRIKER, and SHEFFIELD, screened by ONSLOW, OBEDIENT, URSA, BLYSKAWICA, PIORUN, and WAKEFUL) left Scapa on May 12th and proceeded towards the Norwegian coast, arriving in the flying off position at 1230 on May 14th by which time German shadowers were in company.

After withdrawing to the westward, the force was attacked by 6 to 8 MesserschmittMe 110's. Gunfire from ROYALIST turned the formation away and Hurricanes from STRIKER’s 824 squadron caused them to jettison their bombs and veer off. On May 15th the force closed the Norwegian coast again and at 0425 a second strike of 8 bombers and 7 fighters proceeded to attack the fish oil factory at Fosnavaag and two armed coasters off the shore as no convoy was sighted. At 0600 at position 65°16'N 6°13'E one of the shadowing Focke-Wulf Fw200 Condors was attacked by two of 898s Wildcats, JV510 ('7R') flown by Lt R. I. Harrison RNZNVR and JV496 ('6V') piloted by Lt W. I. Sheppard RNVR. The aircraft was driven off and went into cloud with its port engine smoking. On returning from a CAP sortie Lt RI Harrison RNZNVR flying JV460 ('7T'), landed on STRIKER with his hook up and was stopped by the barrier. The strike returned without loss. Unfavourable weather reports prevented any further strikes and the force withdrew, arriving back at Scapa on May 16th.

It is assumed that 898 remained aboard STRIKER at Scapa until June 1st when they are recorded as disembarking to RNAS Hatston to await the return of SEARCHER from Rosyth. The squadron re-joined SEARCHER on June 8th and she sailed south to join Escort Group B4 in the Western Approaches for convoy protection duties,

Convoy protection duty

SEARCHER was to work with ocean escort group B4 and she began providing air cover for the outgoing combined convoy OS.80/KMS.54 which departed Liverpool on June 11th. SEARCHER picked the convoy up the following day and covered their passage until June 21st when cover switched to the in-bound convoy SL 161. Convoy SL 161 rendezvoused with Convoy MKS.52 on June 22nd and proceeded to Liverpool arriving there on July 2nd. SEARCHER detached form the combined convoy on July 1st and proceeded to the Clyde.

 

There were three barrier crashes during June; Sub Lt C. O. Cullen in JV510 had his arrester Hook pulled out, and went into the barrier on the 7th; Petty Officer Pilot I. H. H. Shell in JV487 missed all wires on the 17thhe repated this performance again on the 19th, again in J V 4 8 7 but this time missed all wires, hit the foc'sle, and floated into 2 parked aircraft

Disbanded and absorbed into 882 Squadron

A change of policy regarding the structure of the Naval Fighter Wings resulted in change to the number of squadrons embarked in the escort carriers; the two squadrons embarked in each carrier were to be combined to form a single 24 aircraft squadron, the other disbanded. No. 898 squadron was disbanded on July 5th 1944 aboard SEARCHER, her aircraft and aircrew being absorbed into 882 Squadron.

 

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898 (2) Jan - Dec 45
 

 

Formation and work-up

No. 898 squadron was to reform as a single seat fighter squadron for service with the East Indies Fleet. Personnel for the new squadron embarked in a troopship at Liverpool on November 5th 1944. for passage to Cape Town, South Africa. The squadron officially formed at RNAS Wingfield on January 1st 1945, Lt. Cdr (A) R. W. Kearsley RN in command. Their equipment was 24 Hellcat FB.IIs, mostly new machines, but some were previously operated by 804 squadron, which were issued by RN Aircraft Repair Yard Wingfield.
 

The officers of 898 Squadron at RNAS Wingfield, HMS MALAGAS, Cape Town in January 1945. Click image to view larger version -  Click here to see names on reverse of image. Photo courtesy Michael West

 

The squadron spent most of January getting familiarised with the Hellcat, and the area, both on the ground and in the air; for many of the young pilots this was their first front-line squadron, having only recently returned from flying training in America. At this time 898 Squadron had a strength of twenty four pilots including the CO and Senior Pilot. The first 6 months of 1945 were spent working up at RNAS Wingfield, conducting exercises and armament practice in the Cape area.

 

During this time there were surprisingly few flying incidents recorded; the first was on March 16th when Hellcat JX704, flown by Sub Lt Leslie Barber RNVR, suffered an engine failure on take-off, the undercarriage collapsed on impact knocking him unconscious when his head hit the gun-sight ^[1]. A few days later Lt J. V. Brownlee RNVR had an aborted take-off on the 22nd when the starboard brake seized causing his aircraft, JW749 to swing off the runway and overturn. The squadron suffered its first fatality on April 19th when Petty Officer Pilot J. Leiper flew his Hellcat into rising ground at Klapmuts/Mulderovei, Cape Province and was killed in the impact. On April 29th Sub Lt A. A. Marshall RNVR overshot the runway in Hellcat JW737 and the aircraft ended up on its nose. The following day the squadron lost another pilot; Sub Lt J. A. Burton RNVR was killed when his aircraft, JX913 was lost on a low level sea navigation & landfall exercise 40 miles off the Cape of Good Hope. The last incident at RNAS Wingfield was on June 13th when Hellcat JX986 flown by Sub Lt A. W. Morris RNVR had a partial engine seizure on the ground.

 

The squadron embarked in the escort carrier HMS ATTACKER on June 23rd for passage to Ceylon, they were disembarked to RNAS Colombo Racecourse in early July before moving to RNAS Katukurunda on the 19th. The squadron was assigned to the escort carrier HMS PURSUER and they flew out to join the ship on July 29th  while on passage to Trincomalee. .
 

Hellcat FB.11s fly past the quarter deck at RNAS Wingfield, HMS MALAGAS, Cape Town with Table mountain in the background.

 

H.M.S. PURSUER

The squadron disembarked to RNAS Trincomalee on August 1st when PURSUER joined the 21st Aircraft Carrier Squadron. The ship was allocated to participate in the upcoming Operation ZIPPER, the allied invasion of Malaya, and the squadron re-embarked on the 6th to conduct flying training and to exercise with the ship. Petty Officer Pilot AH Kay was killed on August 9th, when his arrestor hook bounced off the rounddown and the aircraft fell over the side into the sea. Sub Lt G. K. Taylor RNZNVR in JX709 also had a bouncing arrestor hook on the 16th; it missed No.4 wire but then engaged No.9 wire, and continued on into the barrier where its engine was stopped.

 

Above: One of the squadrons Hellcats is stopped by the barrier. Below, Hellcat JX696 going down into the hangar. Photos: Courtesy Mr. David Dixon.

898 Squadron ashore at RNAS Puttalam August 1945 - Lt. L. Barber 2nd row back 5th from left [in sunglasses,  Lt. D.R.L. Brown is 4th from left, Lt. Rayner is sat astride the propeller boss and Lt. Cdr Kearsley is standing below him with hands on hips. Photo: courtesy Richard Barber. Click image to view larger version

 

After the Japanese surrender on August 15th operation ZIPPER was put on hold and PURSUER was released from the invasion force. The ship was reassigned for duty as a Communications Ship during landings in Port Swettenham on August 23rd, part of a modified version of Operation ZIPPER, carried out as planned and rehearsed, but the covering air and sea bombardment had been cancelled. 898 squadron was flown ashore to RNAS Puttalam on August 18th. The squadron did not return to sea, it remained at Puttalam until September 14th when they flew to RNAS Katukurunda. Some flying was carried out during these immediate post-war months and only one incident is recorded when Lt. Cdr H. M. Mackenzie in JX710 was taxied into by JX840 (pilot unknown) at Katukurunda on October 10th.

 

By November the squadron was surplus to requirements and the personnel were given local leave and the aircraft were withdrawn. The squadron personnel boarded HMS PURSUER as passengers on November 20th 1945 for passage home to the UK. 898 officially disbanded on arrival in the UK on December 12th 1945.

Note:
[1] ‘Fleet Air Arm Aircraft 1939 to 1945’ records the pilot involved in this incident as Sub Lt H. G. Barber – however no such officer was attached to the squadron, Sub Lt (A) L. Barber RNVR is correctly listed in the Navy List for July 1945.

 

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Content revised: 26 November 2018

Sources used in compiling this account: Brown, D. (1974)'Carrier Operations in World War 2 -vol 1 the Royal Navy' Shepperton, Ian Allen Ltd. Hobbs, D. (2003) 'Royal Navy Escort Carriers' Liskeard, Maritime Books Sturtivant, R. & Burrows, M. (1995)'Fleet Air Arm Aircraft 1939 to 1945' Tonbridge Wells, Air Britain (Historians) Sturtivant, R & Balance, T., (1994)'Squadrons of the Fleet Air Arm' Tonbridge Wells, Air Britain (Historians) British officers (including Commonwealth officers serving in British units) Part of WWII Unit Histories and Officers web site. HMS Victorious (R38) Wikipedia entry

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